Prof Sangkot Marzuki

Sangkot Marzuki (lahir di Medan, Sumatera Utara, 2 Maret 1944; umur 67 tahun) adalah Direktur Lembaga Eijkman sejak 1992. Menempuh pendidikan di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia (1968), Universitas Mahidol, Bangkok, Thailand (M.Sc., 1971) dan Universitas Monash, Australia (Ph.D., 1976).

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangkot_Marzuki

Teringat Sangkot Marzuki

Tak dapat disangkal, setelah ditutup selama puluhan tahun, Lembaga Biologi Molekuler Eijkman di bawah kepemimpinan Prof. Dr. Sangkot Marzuki Batubara berkembang sangat cepat menjadi suatu lembaga penelitian terkemuka di Indonesia dan disegani di tingkat internasional. Profesor Sangkot berhasil mengembalikan lagi wibawa lembaga penelitian terpandang di dunia yang didirikan pada tahun 1888 di Salemba, Jakarta itu, khususnya sebagai laboratorium penelitian patologi dan bakteriologi. Di sinilah Christiaan Eijkman, sebagai direkturnya yang pertama, mengawali penelitiannya yang berakhir dengan suatu penemuan besar mengenai hubungan antara defisiensi vitamin B1 dan beri-beri, yang yang menjadi landasan konsep modern ilmu vitamin. Berkat penemuannya itu, Eijkman diganjar hadiah Nobel pada tahun 1929. Laboratorium riset yang awalnya bernama Lab. voor Patologie Anatomie en Bacteriologie ini kemudian pada peringatan pendiriannya kelima puluh tahun diberi nama Lembaga Eijkman. Di puncak kejayaannya pada awal abad ke-20, Lembaga Eijkman menjadi pusat penelitian kedokteran tropis terkemuka dunia, namun terpaksa ditutup pada tahun 1960-an di tengah kemelut politik dan ekonomi setelah perjuangan kemerdekaan Indonesia.

Adalah Prof. Dr. Ing. B.J. Habibie, yang ketika itu menjadi Menteri Riset dan Teknologi, yang menggagas menghidupkan kembali Lembaga Eijkman pada tahun 1990, sebagai upaya membangun sebuah lembaga penelitian terpandang di dunia dalam bidang biologi molekul. Untuk itu, B.J. Habibie khusus memanggil Sangkot dari Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, tempat Sangkot membangun karir ilmiah selama bertahun-tahun sampai menjadi ilmuwan yang memiliki reputasi internasional. Habibie meminta Sangkot untuk kembali ke Indonesia guna membantu beliau membangun sebuah lembaga penelitian biologi molekul baru. Sangkot pun dengan senang hati menerima tawaran untuk memimpin pembangunan kembali Lembaga Eijkman sebagai sarana pengembangan biologi molekul di Indonesia, terutama dalam kaitannya dengan ilmu kedokteran, tanpa pernah menyadari sebelumnya bahwa upaya tersebut memiliki tantangan dan hambatan yang besar.

Sangkot kembali ke Indonesia pada pertengahan tahun 1992. Dan, Lembaga Biologi Molekul Eijkman dibuka kembali secara formal pada Juli 1992, yang dipimpin oleh Sangkot. Lembaga ini mulai beroperasi pada April 1993 dan diresmikan oleh Presiden Republik Indonesia pada 19 September 1995.

Sangkot memang ilmuwan kelas dunia. Pria kelahiran Medan pada 2 Maret 1994 ini lulus dari Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia pada tahun 1968. Lahir sebagai anak tertua dari pasangan seorang guru, Amir Hasandan Putir Chairani Siregar, Sangkot dan kelima adiknya sejak kecil telah ditanamkan pentingnya menuntut ilmu setinggi-tingginya. Apalagi, kedua kakeknya juga orang berpendidikan. Kakek dari pihak ayahnya juga seorang guru, sedangkan kakek dari ibunya seorang dokter hewan lulusan Universiteit Utrecht tahun 1930. Nenek Sangkot dari ibunya adalah kakak tertua pujangga terkemuka Sanusi Pane dan Armijn Pane, serta cendekiawan Islam Laveran Pane.

Keinginannya untuk menjadi ilmuwan, seperti dituturkan Sangkot, mulai terbentuk ketika ia duduk di bangku sekolah menengah pertama pada tahun 1956-1959 dan semakin terpupuk pada masa bersekolah di SMA III Jakarta (1959-1962). Lulus dari SMA, ia masuk Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia dan sejak awal sudah memutuskan untuk memperdalam bidang biokimia. ”Karena, saya dapatkan waktu kuliah itu bahwa semua hadiah Nobel di bidang kedokteran dimenangkan oleh penemuan-penemuan yang berkaitan dengan proses kimia kehidupan,” ungkapnya dalam sebuah kesempatan.

Perkenalan Sangkot secara langsung dengan dunia penelitian biologi modern terjadi waktu tiba di Monash University, Melbourne, sebagai seorang kandidat Ph.D. di pertengahan tahun 1971. Sebelumnya, setelah lulus menjadi dokter di tahun 1968, ia sudah dua tahun dipersiapkan menjadi ilmuwan dalam suatu program M.Sc. di bidang biokimia di Mahidol University, Bangkok, yang pada waktu itu masih dibawah binaan Rockefeller Foundation. ”Saya beruntung, karena program pascasarjana di Department of Biochemistry Mahidol University waktu itu merupakan program yang sangat maju, dengan pengajar ilmuwan aktif yang sebagian besar datang dari Amerika. Di sinilah saya diperkenalkan dengan konsep-konsep kimia dan fisika yang mendasari proses biologis, yang merupakan konsep mutakhir biokimia saat itu,” tuturnya.

Sangkot di Monash University bergabung dengan kelompok penelitian Profesor Anthony W. Linnane, yang pada waktu itu merupakan kelompok utama dunia dalam mempelajari proses bagaimana suatu sel makhluk hidup membangun aparatus sel yang diperlukan untuk proses transduksi energi. Waktu itu, Sangkot sudah memahami bahwa makhluk hidup memerlukan energi untuk berbagai fungsinya, termasuk untuk pergerakan mekanik, untuk pertumbuhan dan reparasi dan untuk mempertahankan suhu tubuh. Ia juga bahwa sumber energi yang dapat digunakan secara langsung oleh sel hidup untuk proses-proses ini hanyalah suatu molekul berenergi tinggi yang dinamakan adenosine triphosphate atau ATP. Di Monash University inilah Sangkot merintis karir ilmiahnya sampai akhirnya dikenal sebagai ilmuwan terpandang di dunia, meskipun sempat kembali ke almamater awalnya, Universitas Indonesia.

Sangkot termasuk ilmuwan yang sangat produktif menuliskan pemikiran dan hasil-hasil risetnya di berbagai publikasi ilmiah internasional bergengsi, yang sebagian di antaranya kemudian ia bukukan dengan judul Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Disorders: From Yeast to Human. Buku inilah yang membuat Sangkot dianugerahi gelar higher doctorate oleh Monash University pada tahun 1998. Semuanya pengujinya memberikan pujian tinggi pada karya ilmiah Sangkot tersebut. Salah seorang pengujinya, Dr. Joanna Poulton dari Oxford, menilai, “Professor Marzuki’s work on the assembly and biosynthesis of H⁺-ATPase (nama lain dari ATP synthase) was some of the earliest work on nucleomitochondrial interactions. It made an important contribution to the foundation of the work which ultimately earned other workers the recent Nobel prize for characterizing the molecular motor which drives ATP synthesis in most/all living cells.”

Sangkot termasuk ilmuwan pertama yang membuktikan bahwa akumulasi mutasi dalam DNA mitokondria memiliki peran penting dalam proses penuaan. Beberapa penemuan di bidang ilmu kedokteran juga mengangkatnya sebagai salah satu pakar di bidang kloning dari Indonesia. Salah satu hasil kajiannya yang paling monumental di bidang kedokteran adalah penemuan tentang sistem konversi energi tubuh. Selain itu, ia juga berhasil menemukan peta gen untuk penyakit thalassemia.

Penghargaan atas reputasi ilmiah yang pernah diterima Sangkot antara lain Exchange Fellow–Australian Academy of Sciences 1981; ASEAN Achievement Award (Science-Biology) 1992; Penghargaan M. Kodijat–Ikatan Dokter Indonesia 1994; Outstanding Science Alumnus Award–Mahidol University, Thailand 1999, dan; Eijkman Medal dari University of Utrecht, Belanda 2001. Pada tahun 2007 lalu, Prof. Dr. Sangkot Marzuki juga menerima Penghargaan Hamengkubuwono IX dari Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Pada tahun yang sama, ia juga mendapat Penghargaan Achmad Bakrie untuk bidang kedok­teran.

Pengabdian Sangkot Marzuki Batubara dengan penuh dedikasi terhadap suatu bidang ilmu dan juga terhadap tanah airnya, ditambah pula dengan prestasinya yang berskala internasional, sudah sepatutnyalah dijadikan inspirasi dan bahan pembelajaran oleh bangsa Indonesia, terutama generasi mudanya. Sangkot Marzuki adalah salah satu putra terbaik bangsa ini yang patut dihargai jasa-jasanya dan mendapat perhatian yang layak dari pemerintah Indonesia. Pedje

http://dibuangsayangamat.blogspot.com/2010/08/teringat-sangkot-marzuki.html

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Prof. DR. Sangkot Marzuki

Sangkot Marzuki was born in Medan 2th March 1944. He has been a director of Eijkman Institute since 1992. He obtained his medical doctor degree from University of Indonesia in 1968 and his Master in biochemistry from Mahidol University in 1971. He completed his PhD in 1975 from the Monash University. He received D.Sc (higher doctorate) from Monash University in 1998.

He helds many memberships in Academies and Societies : Professor of Medicine, Monash University, Australia. 1995-present, Adjunct Professor of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Queensland University, Brisbane, Australia. 1997-2003. Senior Scientist, BPP Teknologi. 1992-1999. Assoc. Professor - Biochemistry, Monash University, Australia. 1984-1992 (Senior Lecturer, 1978-1984; Lecturer, 1976-1978). Senior Research Associate, St. Vincent's Institute for Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia. 1984-1991. Visiting Professor, Melbourne University Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, Australia. 1988. Senior Research Associate, Centre for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Monash University, Australia. 1984-1991.Visiting Research Scientist, Jichi Medical School, Japan. 1981.

He has received many awards and honors : Hamengkubuwono IX Award – Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia 2007. Doctor Honoris Causa – Utrecht University, The Netherlands, 2006. Outstanding Alumni Award – Mahidol University, Thailand, 2006. ASEAN Outstanding Scientist Award 2005. Habibie Award – The Habibie Centre, Indonesia 2003.Eijkman Medal, University of Utrecht, Netherlands, 2001.Outstanding Science Alumnus Award – Mahidol University, Thailand, 1999. M. Kodijat Award - Ikatan Dokter Indonesia, 1994. ASEAN Achievement Award (Science-Biology), 1992. Exchange Fellow - Australian Academy of Sciences, 1981.

During his career he helds many positions in national and International organizations : President of Indonesia Academy of sciences 2008-now. Member of Influenza Network Steering Committee of South East Asia Influenza Clinical Research Network, 2006-present. Member of Pan-Asian SNP Initiative, 2005-now. President of The Wallacea Foundation, 2005-now. Member of National Research Council, 1994-now. Member of Higher Education Council1996-2000; 2003-now. Member of Dewan Wali Amanah IPB, 2002-now. Governing Council Member – Asia Pacific International Molecular Biology Network, 1999-now. President of Indonesian Genome Organization1999-now. Chairman of International Organizing Committee – Second Human Genome Organization (Pacific) Meeting, Denpasar, Indonesia. 1999. Chairman - Asia Pacific Network of Human and Medical Geneticists, 1995-sekarang. Chief Scientific Advisor and Board Member – PT DB Diagnosia (a biotechnology company for medical diagnostics) 1998-now. Science Advisor – PT Bio Farma. 1999-now. President of Asia-Pacific Society of Bioscientists, 1996-1998 (Vice-President, 1994-1996). Chairman of the International Organizing Committee - 2nd Asia-Pacific Conference on Medical Genetics, Jakarta, Indonesia, 1995. Vice President of National Committee for Biotechnology Development, 1992-1995. Member of Human Genome Organization, 1992-now. Chairman of the Organizing Committee-International Symposium on "Biochemistry in the Tropics: from Vitamins to Molecular Biology", Jakarta, Indonesia, 1990. Foundation Convenor of Tripartite Conferences/Workshops between Australia, United States and Japan on the Structure, Function, Biogenesis and Pathology of Energy Transducing Membranes, Hawaii, USA (First Meeting - 1987).

His research interests has ranged over a variety of topics, Inherited Disorders of the Energy Transducing Membrane, Genetic Disorders of the Red Blood Cell, Extrachromosomal DNAs in the Biogenesis of the Energy Transducing Membrane of the Malaria Parasite. The Development of Monoclonal and Antipeptide Antibody-Based Diagnostic Procedures He has produced more than 125 key publications are cited. .

E-mail : smarzuki@eijkman.go.id
Tel. 62-21-314 8695
Fax. 62-21-314 7982

Organisasi Profesi:

1. Human Genome Organization
2. Asia-Pacific Society of Bioscientists
3. Australian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
4. The New York Academy of Science
5. American Association for the Advancement of Science
6. Ikatan Dokter Indonesia
7. Perhimpunan Biokimia Indonesia

Publikasi Ilmiah:

Lebih dari 125 makalah ilmiah di jurnal internasional. Berikut adalah 6 representatif dari publikasi di atas:

1. Marzuki, S. (ed). 1989. Molecular structure, function and assembly of ATP synthases. Plenum, New York.
2. Linnane, A.W., S. Marzuki, T. Ozawa and M. Tanaka. 1989. Mitochondrial DNA mutations as an important contributor to ageing and degenerative diseases. Lancet i, 642-645.
3. Marzuki, S., A.S. Noer, P. Lertrit, D. Thyagarajan, P. Utthanaphol, R. Kapsa and E. Byrne. 1991. Normal variants of the human mitochondrial DNA and translation products: the building of a reference data base. Human Genet 88, 139-145.
4. Syafruddin, D., J.E. Siregar and S. Marzuki. 1999. Mutations in the cytochrome b gene of Plasmodium berghei conferring resistance to atovaquone. Molec. Biochem. Parasitol. 104: 185-194.
5. Ke, Y., B. Su, X. Song, L. Chen, H. Li, S. Marzuki, R. Deka, P. Underhill, C. Xiao, M. Shriver, J. Lell, D. Wallace, R.S. Wells, M. Seielstad, D. Lu, D. Zhu, W. Huang, R. Chakraborty, L. Jin. 2001. African Origin of Modern Humans in East Asia: A tale of 12,000 Y chromosomes. Science, 292: 1151-1153
6. Marzuki, S., H. Sudoyo, H. Suryadi, I. Setianingsih and P. Pramoonjago. 2003. Human genome diversity and disease on the island Southeast Asia. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 531, 3-18.

PUBLICATIONS - SANGKOT MARZUKI

1. Books
   1. Marzuki, S., J. Verhoef, H. Snippe (eds.). 2003. Tropical diseases: From molecules to bedside. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York.
   2. Marzuki, S. (ed.). 1989. Molecular structure, function and assembly of the ATP Synthases. Plenum Press, New York..
2. Publications
   1. Tajima, A., M. Hayami, K. Tokunaga, T. Juji, M. Matsuo, S. Marzuki, K. Omoto, S. Horai. 2004. Genetic origins of the Ainu inferred from combined DNA analyses of maternal and paternal lineages. J. Hum. Genet. 49, 187-93.
   2. Malik, S.G., N. Pieter, H. Sudoyo, A. Kadir and S. Marzuki. 2003. Prevalence of the mitochondrial DNA A1555G mutation in sensorineural deafness patients in island Southeast Asia. J. Hum. Genet. 48, 480-483.
   3. Keenihan, S.H., R. Gramzinksi, S. Ratiwayanto, H. Hadiputranto, W. Riberu, S. Soebianto, F. Rusjdy, D. Syafruddin, A. Kartikasari, M. Djojosubroto, I. Setianingsih, A. Harahap, Krisin, D. Fryauff, T. Richie, Y. Charoenvit, H.A. Marwoto, S. Kumar, S. Hoffman, S. Marzuki, K. Baird. 2003. Mechanisms of innate and acquired protection against Plasmodium falciparum in Javanese transmigrant adults and children newly resident in malaria-endemic Northwest Papua. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 531, 83-102.
   4. Sudoyo, H., H. Suryadi, N. Sitorus, S. Soegondo, A. Pranoto and S. Marzuki. 2003. Mitochondrial genome and susceptibility to diabetes mellitus. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 531, 19-36.
   5. Yusuf, I., M.W. Djojosubroto, R. Ikawati, K. Lum, A. Kaneko and S. Marzuki. 2003. Ethnic and geographical distributions of CYP2C19 alleles in the populations of Southeast Asia. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 531, 37-46.
   6. Marzuki, S., H. Sudoyo, H. Suryadi, I. Setianingsih and P. Pramoonjago. 2003. Human genome diversity and disease on the island Southeast Asia. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 531, 3-18.
   7. Malik, S., H. Sudoyo, T. Sasmono, S. Winata, I.N. Arhya, P. Pramoonjago, W. Sudana and S. Marzuki. 2003. Nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness associated with the A1555G mutation in the mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal RNA in a Balinese family. J. Hum. Genet. 48,119-124.
   8. Sudoyo, H., H. Suryadi, P. Lertrit, P. Pramoonjago, D. Lyrawati and S. Marzuki. 2002. Asian specific mtDNA backgrounds associated with the primary G11778A mutation of Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy. J. Hum. Genet. 47, 594–604.
   9. Malik, S., H. Sudoyo, P. Pramoonjago, H. Suryadi, T. Sukarna, M. Njunting, E. Sahiratmadja and S. Marzuki. 2002. Nuclear mitochondrial interplay in the modulation of the homopolymeric tract length heteroplasmy in the control (D-loop) region of the mitochondrial DNA. Hum. Genet. 110: 402-411.
   10. Malik, S., H. Sudoyo, P. Pramoonjago, T. Sukarna, D. Darwis and S. Marzuki. 2002. Evidence for the de novo regeneration of the pattern of the length heteroplasmy associated with the T16189C variant in the control (D-loop) region of mitochondrial DNA. J. Hum. Genet. 47, 122-130.
   11. Daud, D., A. Harahap, I. Setianingsih, I. Nainggolan, S. Tranggana, R. Pakasi and S. Marzuki. 2001. The hemoglobin O mutation in Indonesia: Distribution and phenotypic expression. J. Hum. Genet. 46, 499-505.
   12. Handoko, H.Y., J.K. Lum, Gustiani, Rismalia, H. Kartapradja, A.S. Sofro and S. Marzuki. 2001. Length variations in the COII-tRNALys intergenic region of mitochondrial DNA in Indonesian populations. Hum. Biol. 73, 205-223.
   13. Ke, Y., B. Su, X. Song, D. Lu, L. Chen, H. Li, C. Qi, S. Marzuki, R. Deka, P. Underhill, C. Xiao, M. Shriver, J. Lell, D. Wallace, R.S. Wells, M. Seielstad, P. Oefner, D. Zhu, J. Jin, W. Huang, R. Chakraborty, Z. Chen and L. Jin. 2001. African origin of modern humans in East Asia: A tale of 12,000 Y chromosomes. Science 292, 1151-1153.
   14. Underhill, P.A., G. Passarino, A.A. Lin, S. Marzuki, P.J. Oefner, L.L. Cavalli-Sforza and G.K. Chambers. 2001. Maori origins, Y chromosome haplotypes and implications for human history in the Pacific. Hum. Mutat. 17, 271-280.
   15. Malik, S., H. Sudoyo and S. Marzuki. 2000. Microphotometric analysis of NADH-tetrazolium dehydrogenase deficiency in fibroblasts of patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 23, 730-744.
   16. Pramoonjago, P., A. Harahap, R.A. Taufani, I. Setianingsih and S. Marzuki. 1999. Rapid screening for the most common b-thalassemia mutations in Southeast Asia by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). J. Med. Genet. 36, 937-938.
   17. Syafruddin, D., J.E. Siregar and S. Marzuki. 1999. Mutations in the cytochrome b gene of Plasmodium berghei conferring resistance to atovaquone. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 104, 185-194.
   18. Setianingsih, I., R. Williamson, D. Daud, A. Harahap, S. Marzuki and S. Forrest. 1999. Phenotypic variability of Filipino betao-thalassemia/HbE in Indonesia. Am. J. Hematol. 62, 7-12.
   19. Setianingsih, I., R. Williamson, S. Marzuki, A. Harahap, M. Tamam, S. Forrest. 1998. Molecular basis of b-thalassemia in Indonesia: Application to prenatal diagnosis. Molec. Diagnosis 3, 11-20.
   20. Handoko, H.Y., P.J. Wirapati, H.A. Sudoyo, M. Sitepu and S. Marzuki. 1998. Meiotic breakpoint mapping of a proposed X linked visual loss susceptibility locus in Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy. J. Med. Genet. 35, 668-671.
   21. Sudoyo, H., M. Sitepu, S. Malik, H.D. Poesponegoro and S. Marzuki. 1998. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy in Indonesia: Two families with the mtDNA 11778G>A and 14484T>C mutations. Hum. Mutat. Supp.1, 271-274.
   22. Marzuki, S., S.F. Berkovic, A.S. Noer, R.M.I. Kapsa, R.M. Kalnins, E. Byrne, T. Sasmono and H. Sudoyo. 1997. Developmental genetics of deleted mtDNA in mitochondrial oculomyopathy. J. Neurol. Sci. 145, 155-162.
   23. Budimulja, A.S., Syafruddin, P. Tapchaisri, P. Wilairat, and S. Marzuki. 1997. The sensitivity of Plasmodium protein synthesis to prokaryotic ribosomal inhibitors. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 84, 137-141.
   24. Marzuki, S., H. Sudoyo, and P. Lertrit. 1995. Update in molecular genetics: Mitochondrial energy transduction disorders. SEA J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 26 (supp.1), 155-161.
   25. Lertrit, P., R.M.I. Kapsa, M.J.B. Jean-Francois, D. Thyagarajan, A.S. Noer, S. Marzuki and E. Byrne. 1994. Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism in disease: A possible contributor to respiratory dysfunction. Hum. Mol. Genet. 3, 1973-1981.
   26. Jean-Francois, M.J.B., P. Lertrit, S.F. Berkovic, D. Crimmins, J. Morris, S. Marzuki and E. Byrne. 1994. Heterogeneity in the phenotypic expression of the mutation in the tRNALeu(UUR) gene generally associated with the MELAS subset of mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. Aust. N. Z. J. Med. 24, 188-193.
   27. Kotsimbos, N., M.J.B. Jean-Francois, M. Huizing, R.M. Kapsa, P. Lertrit, N.C. Siregar, S. Marzuki, C. Sue, and E. Byrne. 1994. Rapid and noninvasive screening of patients with mitochondrial myopathy. Hum. Mutat. 4, 132-135.
   28. Kapsa, R., G.N. Thompson, D.R. Thorburn, H.H. Dahl, S. Marzuki, E. Byrne and R.B. Blok. 1994. A novel mtDNA deletion in an infant with Pearson syndrome. J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 17, 521-526.
   29. Sudoyo, H., S. Marzuki, E. Byrne and F. Mastaglia. 1993. Phenotypic expression of mtDNA heteroplasmy in the skeletal muscle of patients with oculomyopathy: Defect in mitochondrial protein synthesis. J. Neurol. Sci. 117, 83-91.
   30. Thyagarajan, D., E. Byrne, A.S. Noer, P. Lertrit, R. Kapsa and S. Marzuki. 1993. MtDNA in congenital myotonic dystrophy. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 52, 207-210.
   31. Thyagarajan, D., E. Byrne, S. Noer, P. Lertrit, P. Utthanaphol, R. Kapsa and S. Marzuki. 1993. Significance of mitochondrial DNA deletions in myotonic dystrophy. Acta. Neurol. Scand. 87, 32-36.
   32. Lertrit, P., A.S. Noer, E. Byrne and S. Marzuki. 1992. Tissue segregation of a heteroplasmic mtDNA mutation in MERRF (myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers) encephalomyopathy. Hum. Genet. 90, 251-254.
   33. Marzuki, S., P. Lertrit, A.S. Noer, R.M.I. Kapsa, H. Sudoyo, E. Byrne and D. Thyagarajan. 1992. The need for a joint effort in the construction of a reference data base for normal sequence variants of human mtDNA. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 50, 1337-1340.
   34. Lertrit, P., A.S. Noer, M.J.B. Jean-Francois, R. Kapsa, X. Dennett, D. Thyagarajan, K. Lethlean, E. Byrne and S. Marzuki. 1992. A new disease-related mutation for mitochondrial encephalopathy lactic acidosis and strokelike episodes (MELAS) syndrome affects the ND4 subunit of the respiratory complex I. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 51, 457-468.
   35. Sudoyo, H., S. Marzuki, F. Mastaglia and W. Carroll. 1992. Molecular genetics of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy: Study of a six-generation family from Western Australia. J. Neurol. Sci. 108, 7-17.
   36. Noer, A.S., S. Marzuki and W.S. Allison. 1992. Antipeptide antibodies to the carboxy terminal and the DCCD binding region of the human mitochondrial ATP synthase b-subunit. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1099, 123-130.
   37. Marzuki, S., H. Sudoyo and A.S. Noer. 1991. Polymorphism of the human mitochondrial DNA and forensic medicine. MKI J. Indon. Med. Assoc. 41, 737-740.
   38. Marzuki, S. 1991. Molecular pathology of disease- and age- related mutations in the mitochondrial DNA, pp. 1103-1107. In Miyai, K., T. Kanno and E. Ishikawa (eds.), Progress in Clinical Biochemistry. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
   39. Greenway, A.L., M.L. Overall, N. Sattayasai, M.J. Rowley, P.J. Hertzog, G.L. McMullen, B.F. Cheetham and S. Marzuki. 1992. Selective production of interferon-a subtypes by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear and lymphoblastoid cel lines. Immunology 75, 182-188.
   40. Thyagarajan, D., E. Byrne, X. Dennett and S. Marzuki. 1992. The molecular genetics of mitochondrial cytopathies: The Melbourne experience. Clin. Exp. Neurol. 29, 172-181.
   41. Byrne, E., B. Jean-Francois, D. Thyagarajan, S. Collins, X. Dennett and S. Marzuki. 1991. Biochemical and molecular investigation of mitochondrial disease: An illustrative case showing the value of a multifaceted approach. Aust. N. Z. J. Med. 21, 837-843.
   42. Marzuki, S., A.S. Noer, P. Lertrit, D. Thyagarajan, R. Kapsa, P. Utthanaphol and E. Byrne. 1991. Normal variants of the human mitochondrial DNA and translation products: The building of a reference data base. Hum. Genet. 88, 139-145.
   43. Collins, S., C. Rudduck, S. Marzuki, X. Dennett and E. Byrne. 1991. Mitochondrial genome distribution in histochemically cytochrome c oxidase-negative muscle fibres in patients with a mixture of deleted and wild type mitochondrial DNA. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1097, 309-317.
   44. Marzuki, S., A.S. Noer, H. Sudoyo and E. Byrne. 1991. Mitochondrial DNA mutations in disease and ageing. Proc. Aust. Physiol. Pharmacol. Soc. 22, 152-167.
   45. Thyagarajan, D., E. Byrne, S. Noer, P. Lertrit, P. Utthanaphol, R. Kapsa and S. Marzuki. 1991. Mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis in congenital myotonic dystrophy. Ann. Neurol. 30, 724-727.
   46. Noer, A.S., H. Sudoyo, P. Lertrit, D. Thyagarajan, P. Utthanaphol, R. Kapsa, E. Byrne and S. Marzuki. 1991. A tRNALys mutation in the mtDNA is the causal genetic lesion underlying myoclonic epilepsy and ragged-red fibre (MERRF) syndrome. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 49, 715-722.
   47. Moehario, L.H., L. Wang, R.J. Devenish, I.R. Mackay and S. Marzuki. 1991. The human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex: A polymorphic region of the lipoate acetyl transferase (E2) subunit gene. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1097, 128-132.
   48. Sattayasai, N., S. Marzuki, G.L. McMullen, H.M. Geyson, T.J. Mason, A.R. Hibbs, M. Overall, P.J. Hertzog and A.W. Linnane. 1991. Subtype-specificity of antipeptide antibodies raised against unique sequences of human interferons-a. Molec. Immunol. 28, 975-983.
   49. Trounce, I., E. Byrne, X. Dennett, W.W. Chen and S. Marzuki. 1991. Affinity chromatography isolation of human cytochrome oxidase and small scale Western immunoblot probing of the enzyme complex in mitochondrial cytopathy patients. Biochem. Med. Metab. Biol. 46, 17-27.
   50. McKelvie, P.A., J.B. Morley, E. Byrne and S. Marzuki. 1991. Mitochondrial encephalomyopathies: A correlation between neuropathological findings and defects in mitochondrial DNA. J. Neurol. Sci. 102, 51-60.
   51. Trounce, I., E. Byrne, S. Marzuki, X. Dennett, H. Sudoyo, F. Mastaglia and S.F. Berkovic. 1991. Functional respiratory chain studies in subjects with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia and large heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA deletions. J. Neurol. Sci. 102, 92-99.
   52. Sattayasai, N., G.L. McMullen, S. Marzuki, G. Tribbick, H.M. Geysen, M.J. Tymms and A.W. Linnane. 1991. Universal antibodies to human interferon-a subtypes - The production of antipeptide antibodies to conserved regions of interferon-a. J. Interferon Res. 11, 41-48.
   53. Byrne, E., I. Trounce, S. Marzuki, X. Dennett, S.F. Berkovic, S. Davis, M. Tanaka and T. Ozawa. 1991. Functional respiratory chain studies in mitochondrial cytopathies. Support for mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy in myoclonus epilepsy and ragged red fibers (MERRF) syndrome. Acta Neuropathol. 81, 318-323.
   54. Collins, S., X. Dennett, E. Byrne and S. Marzuki. 1991. Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia in patients with large heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA delections: An immunocytochemical study. Acta Neuropathol. 82, 185-192.
   55. Marzuki, S., A.S. Noer, P. Lertrit, P. Utthanaphol, D. Thyagarajan, R. Kapsa, H. Sudoyo and E. Byrne. 1991. Molecular pathology of mitochondrial respiratory disorders: Normal nucleotide variants of human mitochondrial genome and mtDNA lesion in MERRF encephalomyopathy. Progr. Neuropathol. 7, 181-193.
   56. Linnane, A.W., A. Baumer, R.J. Maxwell, H. Preston, C.F. Zhang and S. Marzuki. 1990. Mitochondrial gene mutation: The ageing process and degenerative diseases. Biochem. Int. 22, 1067-1076.
   57. Sudoyo, H., S. Marzuki, I. Trounce and E. Byrne. 1990. Antimitochondrial autoantibodies of primary biliary cirrhosis as a novel probe in the study of the 2-oxo acid dehydrogenases in patients with mitochondrial myopathies. J. Neurol. Sci. 98, 185-193.
   58. Moehario, L.H., P.M. Smooker, R.J. Devenish, I.R. Mackay, M.E. Gershwin and S. Marzuki. 1990. Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding the lipoate acetyl transferase (E2) of human heart pyruvate dehydrogenase complex differs from that of human placenta. Biochem. Int. 31, 417-422.
   59. McMullen, G.L., N. Sattayasi, A.R. Hibbs and S. Marzuki. 1990. Antipeptide antibodies against conserved regions of human interferon-a: Evidence for conformational variations between IFNa subtypes. Biochem. Int. 21, 261-269.
   60. Mackay, I.R., M. Rowley, B. Loveland and S. Marzuki. 1990. The pepton hypothesis and autoimmunity. Immunogenetics 31, 61-62.
   61. Marzuki, S., E. Byrne, I. Trounce, H. Sudoyo, A.S. Noer and J. O'Day. 1989. Tapetoretinal degeneration in mitochondrial cytopathies, pp. 74-82. In Proc. 5th Int. Retinitis Pigmentosa Congress. Australian Retinitis Pigmentosa Foundation, Melbourne.
   62. Marzuki, S., L.C. Watkins and W.M. Choo. 1989. Mitochondrial H+-ATPase in mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with defective subunit 8 of the enzyme complex. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 975, 222-230.
   63. Marzuki, S., L.H. Moehario, R.J. Devenish, I.R. Mackay and P.M. Smooker. 1989. Mitochondrial M2 autoantigens and primary biliary cirrhosis. Lancet i, 447.
   64. Lord, S.C., G.L. McMulen, S. Marzuki and B.F. Cheetham. 1989. Functional domains of human interferon gamma probed with antipeptide antibodies. Mol. Immunol. 26, 637-640.
   65. Sudoyo, H., A.S. Noer, I.R. Mackay and S. Marzuki. 1989. The association of the autoantigens of primary biliary cirrhosis with the mitochondrial H+-ATPase - A reasessment. Biochem. Int. 18, 951-960.
   66. Overall, M.L., S. Marzuki and P.J. Hertzog. 1989. Comparison of different ELISAs for the detection of monoclonal antibodies to human Interferon a. Implication for antibody screening. J. Immunol. Methods 119, 27-33.
   67. Linnane, A.W., S. Marzuki, T. Ozawa and M. Tanaka. 1989. Mitochondrial DNA mutations as an important contributor to ageing and degenerative diseases. Lancet i, 642-645.
   68. Trounce, I., E. Byrne and S. Marzuki. 1989. Decline in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory chain function: Possible factor in ageing. Lancet i, 637-639.
   69. Marzuki, S., A.S. Noer, H. Sudoyo, S. Meltzer, H.B. Lukins and A.W. Linnane. 1989. Monoclonal antibodies as probes of assembly of the mitochondrial ATP synthase, pp. 115-128. In Marzuki, S. (ed.), Molecular Structure, Function and Assembly of the ATP Synthases. Plenum Press, New York.
   70. Meltzer, S., T.A. Willson, L.C. Watkins, P. Nagley, S. Marzuki, A.W. Linnane and H.B. Lukins. 1989. Biochemical analyses of oli1 and oli2 gene mutations determining primary sequence changes in subunit 9 and 6 of yeast ATP synthase, pp. 51-65. In Marzuki, S. (ed.), Molecular Structure, Function and Assembly of the ATP Synthases. Plenum Press, New York.
   71. Sudoyo, H. and S. Marzuki. 1989. Anti-mitochondrial autoantibodies of primary biliary cirrhosis as a novel probe in the study of the biosynthetic regulation of the yeast 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complexes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 158, 220-227.
   72. Byrne, E., I. Trounce, X. Dennett, B. Gilligan, J.B. Morley and S. Marzuki. 1988. Progression from MERRF to MELAS phenotype in a patient with combined respiratory complex I and IV deficiencies. J. Neurol. Sci. 88, 327-337.
   73. Noer, A.S., S. Marzuki, I. Trounce and E. Byrne. 1988. Mitochondrial DNA deletion in encephalomyopathy. Lancet ii, 1253-1254.
   74. Sudoyo, H., S. Marzuki, I. Trounce, A.S. Noer and E. Byrne. 1988. Tissue specific expression of the mtochondrial M2 autoantigens of primary biliary cirrosis: Correlation with capacity for aerobic metabolism. Eur. Bioenerg. Conf. Short Reports 5, 287.
   75. Moehario, L.H. and S. Marzuki. 1988. Mitochondrial DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms - Medical and anthropological significance. MKI J. Indon. Med. Assoc. 38, 310-316.
   76. Marzuki, S., N. Sattayasai, I. Trounce and E. Bryne. 1988. Protein synthesis in mitochondria isolated from human skeletal muscle. Detection of polymorphism in mitochondrial translation products. J. Neurol. Sci. 87, 211-219.
   77. Marzuki, S., I.R. Mackay, H. Sudoyo and A.S. Noer. 1988. The M2 autoantigens of primary biliary cirrhosis are not subunits of the mitochondrial H+-ATPase. Hepatology 8, 1180-1181.
   78. Byrne, E., S. Marzuki and X. Dennett. 1988. Current perspectives in the study of human mitochondriopathies. Med. J. Aust. 149, 30-33.
   79. Sattayasai, N., A.R. Hibbs, G.L. McMulen, A.W. Linnane and S. Marzuki. 1988. Production of subtype-specific antipeptide antibodies to human interferon-a1 and a-4. J. Interferon Res. 8, 325-332.
   80. Hadikusumo, R.G., S. Meltzer, W.M. Choo, M.J.B. Jean-Francois, A.W. Linnane and S. Marzuki. 1988. The definition of mitochondrial H+-ATPase assembly defects in mit- mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a monoclonal antibody to the enzyme complex as an assembly probe. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 933, 212-222.
   81. Jean-Francois, M.J.B., P.J. Hertzog and S. Marzuki. 1988. Isolation and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies against hydrophobic membrane subunit 9 of the yeast mitochondrial H+-ATPase. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 933, 223-228.
   82. Cheetham, B., M. Beilharz, P. Chambers, P. Hertzog, B. McInnes, G. McMullen, S. Marzuki, M. Tymms, C.J. Burrel, A. Jilbert and A.W. Linnane. 1987. New Interferons and prosprects for use. In M.J. Rand and C. Raper (Eds.), Pharmacology. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
   83. Sattayasai, N., D. Tweeddale and S. Marzuki. 1987. Gas-phase sequencing of the proteolipid subunit 9 of the human H+-ATPase in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. Biochem. Internat. 15, 1043-1049.
   84. Jean-Francois, M.J.B., H.B. Lukins and S. Marzuki. 1986. Post-transcriptional defects in the synthesis of the mitochondrial H+-ATPase subunit 6 in yeast mutants with lesions in the subunit 9 structural gene. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 868, 178-182.
   85. Jean-Francois, M.J.B., R.G. Hadikusumo, L.C. Watkins, H.B. Lukins, A.W. Linnane and S. Marzuki. 1986. Correlation of defined lesions in the N,N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-binding proteolipid with defects in the function and assembly of yeast mitochondrial H+-ATPase and other respiratory enzyme complexes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 852, 133-143.
   86. Byrne, E., S. Marzuki, N. Sattayasai, X. Dennett and I. Trounce. 1987. Mitochondrial studies in Kearns-Sayre syndrome: Normal respiratory chain function with absence of a mitochondrial translation product. Neurology 37, 1530-1534.
   87. Hibbs, A.R., K.K. Maheshwari and S. Marzuki. 1987. Assembly of the mitochondrial ribosomes in a temperature-conditional mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae defective in the synthesis of the var1 protein. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 908, 179-187.
   88. Hibbs, A.R. and S. Marzuki. 1986. An assessment of the ability of yeast cells to incorporate photolabile fatty acids into their membrane phospholipids in vivo. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 862, 445-450.
   89. Hadikusumo, R.G., P.J. Hertzog and S. Marzuki. 1986. Characterization of epitopes of the yeast mitochondrial H+-ATPase complex recognized by monoclonal antibodies. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 850, 33-40.
   90. Marzuki, S. and A.R. Hibbs. 1986. Are all mitochondrial translation products synthesized on membrane-bound ribosomes? Biochim. Biophys. Acta 866, 120-124.
   91. Linnane, A.W., H.B. Lukins, P. Nagley, S. Marzuki, R.G. Hadikusumo, M.J.B. Jean-Francois, U.P. John, B.G. Ooi, L. Watkins, T.A. Willson, J. Wright and S. Meltzer. 1985. Assembly of the yeast mitochondrial H+-ATPase: Correlative studies involving gene sequencing and immunochemical probes of assembly, pp. 211-222. In Quagliariello, E., E.C. Slater, F. Palmieri, C. Saccone and A.M. Kroon (eds.), Achievements and Perspectives in Mitochondrial Research: 1. Bioenergetics. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
   92. Frazer, I.H., I.R. Mackay, T.W. Jordan, S. Whittingham and S. Marzuki. 1985. Reactivity of antimitochondrial autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis: Definition of two novel mitochondrial polypeptide autoantigens. J. Immunol. 135, 1739-1745.
   93. Maheshwari, K.K. and S. Marzuki. 1985. Defective assembly of the mitochondrial ribosomes in yeast cells grown in the presence of mitochondrial protein synthesis inhibitors. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 824, 273-283.
   94. Choo, W.M., R.G. Hadikusumo and S. Marzuki. 1985. Mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase in mit- mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with defective subunit 6 of the enzyme complex. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 806, 290-304.
   95. Orian, J.M., R.G. Hadikusumo, S. Marzuki and A.W. Linnane. 1984. Biogenesis of mitochondria: Defective yeast H+-ATPase assembled in the absence of mitochondrial protein synthesis is membrane associated. J. Bioenerg. Biomemb. 16, 561-581.
   96. Hadikusumo, R.G., P.J. Hertzog and S. Marzuki. 1984. Monoclonal antibodies against subunits of yeast mitochondrial H+-ATPase. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 765, 258-267.
   97. Myers, W.D., K.T. Ng, S. Marzuki, R.D. Myers and G. Singer. 1984. Alteration of alcohol drinking in the rat by peripherally self-administered acetaldehyde. Alcohol 1, 229-236.
   98. Maheshwari, K.K. and S. Marzuki. 1984. The formation of a defective small subunit of the mitochondrial ribosomes in petite mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 781, 153-164.
   99. Marzuki, S., R.G. Hadikusumo, W.M. Choo, L. Watkins, H.B. Lukins and A.W. Linnane. 1983. Monoclonal anti-H+-ATPase antibodies in the study of the assembly of the yeast mitochondrial H+-ATPase, pp. 535-549. In Schweyen R.J., K. Wolf and F. Kaudewitz (eds.), Mitochondria 1983. Nuclear Cytoplasmic Interactions. De Gruyter, Berlin.
   100. Marzuki, S. and A.W. Linnane. 1983. Biosynthesis of the yeast mitochondrial H+-ATPase complex, pp. 415-430. In Martonosi, A.N. (ed.), The Enzymes of Biological Membranes. Plenum Press, New York.
   101. Marzuki, S. and A.W. Linnane. 1982. Synthesis and assembly of subunit 6 of the mitochondrial ATPase in yeast. Methods Enzymol. 97, 294-305.
   102. Macreadie, I.G., W.M. Choo, C.E. Novitski, S. Marzuki, P. Nagley, A.W. Linnane and H.B. Lukins. 1982. Novel mitochondrial mutations between the oli2 and oli3 genes affect the yeast mitochondrial ATPase. Biochem. Int. 5, 129-136.
   103. Maheshwari, KK.., S. Marzuki and A.W. Linnane. 1982. The formation of defective small ribosomal subunit in yeast mitochondria in the absence of mitochondrial protein synthesis. Biochem. Int. 4, 109-115.
   104. Stephenson, G., S. Marzuki and A.W. Linnane. 1981. Biogenesis of mitochondria. Defective assembly of the proteolipid into the mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase complex in an oli2 mit- mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 636, 104-112.
   105. Marzuki, S., H. Roberts and A.W Linnane. 1981. Biosynthesis of the yeast mitochondrial ATPase complex: Contribution of the mitochondrial protein synthesizing system, pp. 491-499. In Martonosi, A.N. (ed.),Membranes and Transport, 1980, vol. 1. Plenum Press, New York.
   106. Orian, J.M. and S. Marzuki. 1981. The largest mitochondrial translation product co-purifying with the mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not a subunit of the enzyme complex. J. Bacteriol. 146, 813-815.
   107. Stephenson, G., S. Marzuki and A.W. Linnane. 1981. Mit- mutations in the structural gene of subunit III of cytochrome oxidase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 653, 416-422.
   108. Orian, J.M., M. Murphy and S. Marzuki. 1981. Mitochondrially synthesized protein subunits of the yeast mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase - A reassessment. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 652, 234-239.
   109. Linnane, A.W., A.M. Astin, M.W. Beilharz, C.G. Bingham, W.M. Choo, G.S. Cobon, S. Marzuki, P. Nagley and H. Roberts. 1980. Expression of the mitochondrial genome of yeast, pp. 253-263. In Kroon, A.M. and C. Saccone (eds.), The Organization and Expression of the Mitochondrial Genome. Elsevier-North Holland, Biomedical Press, Amsterdam.
   110. Murphy, M., H. Roberts, W.M. Choo, I. Macreadie, S. Marzuki, H.B. Lukins and A.W. Linnane. 1980. Biogenesis of mitochondria. oli2 mutations affecting the coupling of oxidation to phosphorylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 592, 431-444.
   111. Stephenson, G., S. Marzuki and A.W. Linnane. 1980. Biogenesis of mitochondria. Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of mitochondrial translation products in yeast. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 609, 329-341.
   112. Marzuki, S. and A.W. Linnane. 1980. Mitochondrial biogenesis: In retrospect and prospect, pp. 55-64. In Koike, M., T. Nagatsu, J. Okuda and T. Ozawa (eds.), New Horizons in Biological Chemistry. Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo.
   113. Murphy, M., K.B. Choo, I. Macreadie, S. Marzuki, H.B. Lukins, P. Nagley and A.W. Linnane. 1980. Biogenesis of mitochondria. A temperature sensitivity mutation affecting the mitochondrially synthesized var1 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 203, 260-270.
   114. Linnane, A.W., S. Marzuki, P. Nagley, H. Roberts, M.W. Beilharz, W.M. Choo, G.S. Cobon, M. Murphy and J.M. Orian. 1980. The yeast mitochondrial genome: A survey of recent developments, pp. 99-110. In Davies, D.R. and D.A. Hopwood (eds.), The Plant Genome. The John Innes Charity, Norwich, U.K.
   115. Robert, H., S.C. Smith, S. Marzuki and A.W. Linnane. 1980. Evidence that cytochrome b is the antimycin-binding component of the yeast mitochondrial cytochrome bcl complex. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 200, 387-395.
   116. Robert, H., W.M. Choo, M. Murphy, S. Marzuki, H.B. Lukins and A.W, Linnane. 1979. Mit- mutations in the oli2 region of mitochondrial DNA affecting the 20,000 dalton subunit of the mitochondrial ATPase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEBS Lett. 108, 501-504.
   117. Linnane, A.W., A. Astin, S. Marzuki, M. Murphy and S.C. Smith. 1979. The influence of the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes on the expression of mitochondrial DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, pp. 249-267. In Cummings, D.J., P. Borst, I.B. David, S.M. Weissman and C.F. Fox (eds.), Extrachromosomal DNA. Academic Press, New York.
   118. Marzuki, S. and A.W. Linnane. 1979. Modification of yeast mitochondrial membrane by diet in specific mutants. Methods Enzymol. 56, 568-577.
   119. Murphy, M., S.J. Gutowski, S. Marzuki, H.B. Lukins and A.W. Linnane. 1978. Mitochondrial oligomycin-resistance mutations affecting the proteolipid subunit of the mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 85, 1283-1290.
   120. Marzuki, S., A. Astin and A.W. Linnane. 1978. Mitochondrial mutants in the study of biogenesis of mitochondrial membranes, pp.127-139. In Yagi, K. (ed.), Structure and Function of Biomembranes. Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo.
   121. Linnane, A.W., P. Nagley, R.M. Hall, S. Marzuki and M.K. Trembath. 1978. Molecular and genetic aspects of the expression of mitochondrial DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, pp. 489-512. In Horecker, B.L. and M. Bacila (eds.), Biochemistry and Genetics of Yeast. Academic Press, New York.
   122. Roberts, H., W.M. Choo, S.C. Smith, S. Marzuki, A.W. Linnane, T.H. Porter and K. Folkers. 1978. The site of inhibition of mitochondrial electron transfer by coenzyme Q analogues. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 191, 306-315.
   123. Linnane, A.W., S. Marzuki, G.S. Cobon and P.D. Crowfoot. 1976. Application of continuous culture in the study of mitochondrial membrane biogenesis in yeast, pp. 195-212. In Packer, L. and A. Gomez-Puyou (eds.), Mitochondria: Bioenergetics, Biogenesis and Membrane Structure. Academic Press, New York.
   124. Marzuki, S., G.S. Cobon, P.D. Crowfoot and A.W. Linnane. 1975. Biogenesis of mitochondria. The effects of membrane unsaturated fatty acid content on the activity and assembly of the yeast mitochondrial protein synthesizing system. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 169, 591-600.
   125. Marzuki, S., G.S. Cobon, J.M. Haslam and A.W. Linnane. 1975. Biogenesis of mitochondria. The effects of altered steady state membrane lipid composition on mitochondrial energy metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 169, 577-590.
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   129. Ward, K.A., S. Marzuki and J.M. Haslam. 1973. The control of gene expression by membrane organization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, pp. 105-116. In Polak, J.K. and J.W. Lee (eds.), The Biochemistry of Gene Expression in Higher Organisms. Australia and New Zealand Book Company, Sydney.

   http://www.eijkman.go.id/index.php/id/beritaacara/142-prof-dr-sangkot-marzuki.html

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Sangkot Marzuki: The brilliant professor behind Eijkman

Prodita Sabarini, The Jakarta Post, Jakarta | Thu, 02/04/2010 1:54 PM

A | A | A |

JP/Avril Holderness-Roddam

One of the country's smartest people was once rejected by the prestigious Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB).

He went on to study medicine at the University of Indonesia and Thailand's Mahidol University; obtained a PhD from Monash University; and with his research team in Monash, discovered some groundbreaking science, to do with the mutations of the DNA in the mitochondria - one of the important factors in aging and other degenerative diseases.

Meet Professor Sangkot Marzuki, the man behind the prominent molecular biology Eijkman research Institute and chairman of the Indonesian Academy of Sciences.

"It seems like it was written in the sky," he said about his failure to enter ITB. At first, he did not want to study medicine.

"My mother and my grandmother were the ones who wanted me to become a doctor. I defied them and enrolled in ITB's Chemical Engineering," he said. "Maybe it's a parent's blessing I made it to UI's medical studies but not ITB," he said.

His interest in molecular biology surfaced during his studies at UI. After completing his PhD in Biochemistry at Monash in 1975, he settled in Melbourne as a lecturer and researcher in the same university, and continued to live an expatriate life down under for more than 20 years.

Monash awarded Sangkot a higher doctorate in 1998 in recognition of his Magnum Opus on human diseases caused by defective energy metabolism.

"I would still be living in Australia if it were not for Habibie," the 66-year-old said with a smile. In 1992, he returned to Indonesia after former research and technology minister, B.J. Habibie, asked him to lead the country's molecular biology research center.

Despite having returned to Indonesia, Sangkot's still feels strongly connected to Australia. On Jan. 26, 2010, the Commonwealth of Australia made him an honorary member of the order of Australia, the highest recognition for outstanding achievement and service, joining Hartarto Sastrosoenarto, Ali Alatas, Frans Seda and I Made Pastika. Last year, the Indonesian government awarded Sangkot with the Bintang Mahaputra Republik Indonesia.

At the award ceremony on Australia Day, Australian Ambassador to Indonesia Bill Farmer said Sangkot was an outstanding individual and important conduit for links between Australian and Indonesian medical research communities.

Sitting in his rustic office in the historical Eijkman Institute building, Sangkot recounted the story of his return to Indonesia.

On a fateful day in August 1990, he was standing next to a fax machine in the department in Monash University, when the machine made a beeping sound. Back then, fax machines were still a novelty, he said.

"I saw the fax had a Garuda on it," he said, referring to Indonesia's coat of arms, the Garuda Pancasila. Apparently the fax was from Habibie, asking Sangkot whether the former would be able to persuade him to return to Indonesia.

Sangkot's reply to Habibie was: "If it is just about coming back to work in Indonesia, then I would be contributing more to Indonesia by staying at Monash - as at that time I was supervising two PhD students from Indonesia - but if Pak Habibie is interested in something bigger, like opening a molecular biology research like Singapore's IMCB, then I will come home," he said.

Little did Sangkot know that a month prior to sending the fax, Habibie had visited Singapore's Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB) and was thinking along the same lines.

Sangkot then returned to Indonesia to discuss the plan with Habibie.

"Habibie knew I had been living abroad for more than 25 years, so he told me to attend the August 17th Independence Day service at the Presidential Palace first before meeting him," he said with a laugh.

His two children, born and raised in Australia, continue to live in the land down under as they have already integrated into the society there. "We had no plans of returning back then, for them it's home," he said.

During his conversations with Habibie, Sangkot proposed to re-activate the Eijkman Institute, which Habibie promptly agreed to.

The current building housing the Eijkman Institute was built under the Dutch colonial rule in 1888 as a laboratory for bacteriology and pathology, after the Dutch physician Christiaan Eijkman found a relationship between the beriberi disease and vitamin deficiency. Eijkman received a Nobel prize for his work.

But in 1965, the prevailing political turmoil interrupted the activities of the institute.

When Sangkot returned to Indonesia in 1992, the Eijkman building was in bad condition and was about to be demolished to make room for a new one.

The professor came to Indonesia without any staff or laboratories. He recruited his PhD students as scientists, and bought equipment. He then proceeded to invite his former PhD students from around Southeast Asia to help carry out research for the Eijkman institute.

Some of his friends from Australia told him that he was crazy for leaving a prestigious and a secure position in Melbourne university to start the Eijkman from scratch, he said.

One man, however, understood why he did it, he remarked. The Australian research biologist Sir Gustav Nossal visited the Eijkman institute in its early establishment. "He understood where we wanted to go from here and asked: *What can I do for you?'" Sangkot said.

Others might have asked for funding for scholarships and fellowships, but Sangkot wanted something different. "I asked him to find me funds to pay six Australian scientists to work here for three years."

Thus started the AIMRI, the Australia/Indonesia Medical Research Initiative. The program worked well until the financial and political crisis in 1998, Sangkot said.

In 1995, less than three years after Sangkot took the helm of Eijkman Institute, 75 scientists were already doing research there.

After the crisis however, the number of scientists had to be cut. With the change in government at that time, future technology was no longer a priority, he said.

Only after the 2004 bombings outside the Australian Embassy did people start to realize the importance of the Eijkman Institute. The scientists there carried out a DNA analysis to identify the bombers. The bomb was so massive that only small tissue pieces of the suicide bomber could be recovered, preventing the use of conventional methods of identification.

As the president of the Indonesian Academy of Sciences (AIPI), Sangkot believes Indonesia's research and development capability will improve over time. There will be more international collaboration in the field of research, especially with America.

In a gathering of around 800 AIPI scientists in January, American Ambassador for Indonesia Cameron Hume read out President Barack Obama's speech highlighting the US increased bilateral cooperation with Indonesia in science education, energy and climate change.

President Susilo Bambang Yu-dhoyono - in his own speech - reinforced his support for the development of science and technology in Indonesia, pledging Rp 1.9 trillion for research and development, almost double 2005's Rp 1 trillion.

"Hopefully, this will bring something good," he said.

http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/02/04/sangkot-marzuki-the-brilliant-professor-behind-eijkman.html

Nobel Fisika 2011

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011

Saul Perlmutter

Brian P. Schmidt

Adam G. Riess

Press Release

4 October 2011

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the Nobel Prize in Physics for 2011

with one half to

Saul Perlmutter
The Supernova Cosmology Project
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California,
Berkeley, CA, USA

and the other half jointly to

Brian P. Schmidt
The High-z Supernova Search Team
Australian National University,
Weston Creek, Australia

and

Adam G. Riess
The High-z Supernova Search Team
Johns Hopkins University and Space Telescope Science Institute,
Baltimore, MD, USA

"for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae"

Written in the stars

"Some say the world will end in fire, some say in ice..." *
What will be the final destiny of the Universe? Probably it will end in ice, if we are to believe this year's Nobel Laureates in Physics. They have studied several dozen exploding stars, called supernovae, and discovered that the Universe is expanding at an ever-accelerating rate. The discovery came as a complete surprise even to the Laureates themselves.

In 1998, cosmology was shaken at its foundations as two research teams presented their findings. Headed by Saul Perlmutter, one of the teams had set to work in 1988. Brian Schmidt headed another team, launched at the end of 1994, where Adam Riess was to play a crucial role.

The research teams raced to map the Universe by locating the most distant supernovae. More sophisticated telescopes on the ground and in space, as well as more powerful computers and new digital imaging sensors (CCD, Nobel Prize in Physics in 2009), opened the possibility in the 1990s to add more pieces to the cosmological puzzle.

The teams used a particular kind of supernova, called type Ia supernova. It is an explosion of an old compact star that is as heavy as the Sun but as small as the Earth. A single such supernova can emit as much light as a whole galaxy. All in all, the two research teams found over 50 distant supernovae whose light was weaker than expected - this was a sign that the expansion of the Universe was accelerating. The potential pitfalls had been numerous, and the scientists found reassurance in the fact that both groups had reached the same astonishing conclusion.

For almost a century, the Universe has been known to be expanding as a consequence of the Big Bang about 14 billion years ago. However, the discovery that this expansion is accelerating is astounding. If the expansion will continue to speed up the Universe will end in ice.

The acceleration is thought to be driven by dark energy, but what that dark energy is remains an enigma - perhaps the greatest in physics today. What is known is that dark energy constitutes about three quarters of the Universe. Therefore the findings of the 2011 Nobel Laureates in Physics have helped to unveil a Universe that to a large extent is unknown to science. And everything is possible again.

Read more about this year's prize

Information for the Public Pdf 4,9 MB

Scientific Background Pdf 1 MB

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Links and Further Reading

---

Saul Perlmutter, U.S. citizen. Born 1959 in Champaign-Urbana, IL, USA. Ph.D. 1986 from University of California, Berkeley, USA. Head of the Supernova Cosmology Project, Professor of Astrophysics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
www.physics.berkeley.edu/research/faculty/perlmutter.html

Brian P. Schmidt, U.S. and Australian citizen. Born 1967 in Missoula, MT, USA. Ph.D. 1993 from Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. Head of the High-z Supernova Search Team, Distinguished Professor, Australian National University, Weston Creek, Australia.
msowww.anu.edu.au/~brian/

Adam G. Riess, U.S. citizen. Born 1969 in Washington, DC, USA. Ph.D. 1996 from Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. Professor of Astronomy and Physics, Johns Hopkins University and Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
www.stsci.edu/~ariess/

Prize amount: SEK 10 million, with one half to Saul Perlmutter and the other half to be shared equally between Brian Schmidt and Adam Riess.

Contact persons: Erik Huss, Press Officer, Phone +46 8 673 95 44, mobile +46 70 673 96 50, erik.huss@kva.se
Annika Moberg, Editor, Phone +46 8 673 95 22, Mobile +46 70 673 96 90, annika.moberg@kva.se

* Robert Frost, Fire and Ice, 1920

http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2011/press.html

============

Research Interests As with most physicists, my research is primarily motivated by questions of what our universe is made of and how it works, and I have been approaching these questions using astrophysics measurements. Our work with supernovae, which was intended to measure the deceleration of the universe’s expansion due to gravity (in other words, we were “weighing the universe”), turned out to see an acceleration. This unexpected result suggests that most of the universe may be primarily (~75%) made of a previously unknown energy -- now called “dark energy” -- that is accelerating the expansion. This dark energy is a new mystery, raising many new questions: What is the physics behind it? Is it vacuum energy? Does it behave as Einstein’s cosmological constant or has it been evolving with redshift? I think we have an excellent chance to make progress on answering these fundamental questions in the next few years. We are aggressively extending our research with SNe in several programs that range from the nearby universe to the most distant observable SNe. In addition, we are also exploring complementary astrophysical techniques. For example, weak lensing, a technique that is rapidly maturing, allows us to measure the growth of structure in the universe, and infer properties of dark energy (as well as dark matter). Another direction we are pursuing is baryon acoustic oscillations, which lets us tie the perturbations of the CMB to the low redshift universe. It is too soon to know what these methods will reveal about dark energy. It might turn out to be something completely unexpected – and this would be even more exciting. Current Projects The Supernova Cosmology Project The Supernova Cosmology Project (SCP) studies type Ia supernovae at high redshift to map out the expansion history of the universe and measure cosmological parameters and the dark energy’s equation of state. For example, our most recent survey is a very large observing program using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to discover and follow SNe in high redshift (z > 1) galaxy clusters. The SNe are discovered in the HST data, and we study their spectra using the largest ground-based observatories (Keck, VLT, Subaru) to determine the supernova type and redshift. Study of SNe in different galactic environments (e.g. in elliptical galaxies in clusters compared to spiral galaxies) can give us a handle on different systematic effects, such as extinction by dust. Another very active program that we are working on is the French-Canadian SuperNova Legacy Survey (SNLS), a large statistics study of intermediate redshift SNe discovered with the CFHT observatory on Mauna Kea. For further study of these supernovae, we have a large spectroscopic program in progress using the Keck and Gemini Telescopes. The Nearby Supernova Factory The Nearby Supernova Factory (SNfactory) is an ambitious project that aims to discover and obtain lightcurve spectrophotometry for a large sample of Type Ia supernovae in relatively nearby supernovae (but just far enough into the Hubble flow that their redshifts directly tells us their relative distances). This is a key distance range for the cosmological measurements, which has up to now been very sparsely studied. This project has two scientific goals. The first is for cosmology: we will use this large, well-calibrated sample of Type Ia supernovae to significantly improve the low-redshift portion of the redshift-luminosity diagram. This will provide a crucial improvement in the statistical accuracy attainable by current high-redshift supernova cosmology programs such as SNLS (see above) and the future programs such as SNAP (see below). The second goal is use this rich dataset to explore the features of type Ia supernovae in detail to search for parameters that can further improve the capabilities of SNe Ia as cosmological measurement tools. The SNFactory is now in operation, continually adding SNe discoveries and their detailed spectra to our dataset. SNAP (SuperNova/Acceleration Probe) Satellite Project Our most ambitious project is SNAP, a proposed new space telescope designed specifically to obtain the exquisitely precise measurements needed to study the properties of dark energy. We are designing SNAP as a ~2-meter telescope with a field of view hundreds of times larger than that of the current Hubble Space Telescope. This project involved extensive instrumentation development. For example, it will have a unique large-format camera with CCD detectors that we have developed in our labs to have excellent response over a very wide wavelength range, and resistance to radiation damage due to cosmic rays in space. It will provide measurements with unprecedented accuracy of thousands of SNe out to very high redshift. In addition, the wide field of view and multiple filters will make it the instrument of choice for large weak-lensing surveys. It is expected to yield the extremely sensitive measurements required to look for a possible evolution of dark energy with redshift. BOSS (Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey) at the SDSS Telescope Working with my colleagues at LBNL, our group members are also involved in the newest approach to dark energy measurements, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO). By studying the clustering of nearby galaxies we can detect the imprint of the sound waves that were “frozen in” as the cosmic plasma of the early Universe cooled – the same acoustic phenomena that produced the anisotropies we see in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Moreover, by comparing the structure in the CMB with that seen in the distribution of galaxies in the nearer universe, we obtain a measurement of the properties of dark energy that is independent of the one made using supernovae. Our LBNL groups are developing the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), a dramatic step forward in BAO dark energy measurements. The survey is designed to obtain spectra of 1.5 million galaxies at z<0.7 and 160,000 quasars for the BAO signal at much higher redshifts. On the instrumentation side, we are upgrading the spectrographs with our red-sensitive CCDs and, on the theory side, we are working on large scale numerical simulations of the distribution of matter (and galaxies). Selected Publications The Supernova Legacy Survey: ΩM, ΩΛ, and w from the First Year Data Set, P. Astier, et al., Astronomy and Astrophysics, 447,31 (2006) New Constraints on ΩM, ΩΛ, and w from an Independent Set of Eleven High-Redshift Supernovae Observed with HST, R. A. Knop et al, (The Supernova Cosmology Project), Astrophysical Journal, 598,102, (2003) Measuring Cosmology with Supernovae, Saul Perlmutter and Brian P. Schmidt, Supernovae & Gamma Ray Bursts, K. Weiler, Ed., Springer, Lecture Notes in Physics, astro-ph/0303428. Supernovae, Dark Energy, and the Accelerating Universe, S. Perlmutter, Physics Today, April 2003 The Hubble Diagram of Type Ia Supernovae as a Function of Host Galaxy Morphology, M. Sullivan, et al., (The Supernova Cosmology Project), Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 340, 1057 (2003) Overview of the SuperNova/Acceleration Probe (SNAP), G. Aldering, et al., (The SNAP Collaboration), in Future Research Direction and Visions for Astronomy. A. M. Dressler, ed., Proceedings of the SPIE, Vol. 4835, 146 (2002) The distant Type Ia supernova rate, R. Pain, et al., (The Supernova Cosmology Project), Astrophysical Journal, 577, 120 (2002). Measurements of the cosmological parameters ƒ¶ and Λ from 42 high-redshift supernovae. S. Perlmutter et al. (The Supernova Cosmology Project), Astrophysical Journal, 517, 565 (1999). Constraining dark energy with SN Ia and large-scale structure. S. Perlmutter, M.S. Turner, and M. White, Physical Review Letters, 83, 670 (1999) The Cosmic Triangle: Revealing the state of the universe. N.A. Bahcall, J.P. Ostriker, S. Perlmutter, and P.J. Steinhardt, Science, 284, 1481, (1999) Discovery of a supernova explosion at half the age of the universe and its cosmological implications. S. Perlmutter et al. (The Supernova Cosmology Project), Nature, 391, 51 (1998). A Type Ia supernova at z = 0.457. S. Perlmutter et al. (The Supernova Cosmology Project), Astrophysical Journal Letters, 440, L41 (1995).

http://www.physics.berkeley.edu/research/faculty/perlmutter.html

===============

Brian Schmidt is a Laureate Fellow at The Australian National University's
Mount Stromlo Observatory. Brian was raised in Montana and Alaska, USA,
and received undergraduate degrees in Physics and Astronomy from the
University of Arizona in 1989. Under the supervision of Robert Kirshner, he
completed his Astronomy Master's degree (1992) and PhD (1993) from Harvard
University. In 1994 he and Nick Suntzeff formed the HighZ
SN Search team,
a group of 20 astronomers on 5 continents who used distant exploding stars
to trace the expansion of the Universe back in time. This group's discovery of
an accelerating Universe was named Science Magazine's Breakthrough of the
Year for 1998. Brian Schmidt joined the staff of the Australian National
University in 1995, and was awarded the Australian Government's
inaugural Malcolm McIntosh award for achievement in the Physical Sciences
in 2000, The Australian Academy of Sciences Pawsey Medal in 2001, the
Astronomical Society of India's Vainu Bappu Medal in 2002, and an Australian
Research Council Federation Fellowship in 2005. In 2006 Schmidt was jointly
awarded the US$1M Shaw Prize for Astronomy, and shared the US$0.5M 2007
Gruber Prize for Cosmology with his High-Z SN Search Team colleagues. In 2008
he was elected a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Sciences, a Fellow of the
United States National Academy, and Foreign Member of the Spanish Royal
Academy of Sciences. His work on the accelerating universe was awarded the
2011 Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with Adam Riess and Saul Perlmutter. Brian
is continuing his work using exploding stars to study the Universe, and is
leading Mt Stromlo’s effort to build the SkyMapper telescope, a new facility that
will provide a comprehensive digital map of the southern sky from ultraviolet
through near infrared wavelengths.

Curriculum Vitae

Brian P. Schmidt FAA NAS RACEFyN
Address: The Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Mount Stromlo Observatory
via Cotter Road
Weston Creek, ACT 2611, Australia
Birthdate: 24 February 1967, Missoula Montana USA
Citizenship: United States of America and Australia
Telephone: 61 (0)2 6125 8042 Mobile: +61 408 38 3365
Fax: 61 (0)2 6125 0260 email: brian@mso.anu.edu.au
Academic Qualifications:
1993: Ph.D. in Astronomy, Harvard University
1992: A.M. in Astronomy, Harvard University
1989: B.S. in Physics, University of Arizona
1989: B.S. in Astronomy, University of Arizona
PhD thesis: Type II Supernovae, Expanding Photospheres, and the Extragalactic
Distance Scale – Supervisor: Robert P. Kirshner
Research Interests and Current Projects:
Observational Cosmology, Studies of Supernovae, Gamma Ray Bursts, Large Surveys,
Photometry and Calibration
Scientific Leader: SkyMapper Telescope and Southern Sky Survey
Theme Leader and Executive Member: ARC Center of Excellence CAASTRO
Academic Awards and Distinctions:
2011 Nobel Prize in Physics (jointly with Adam Riess and Saul Perlmutter)
2011 Rossi Lectures, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Firenze
2010 Peter Baume Award, The Australian National University
2008 Elected Foreign Member of the Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences
2008 Elected Fellow of the US National Academy of Sciences
2008 Elected Fellow of the Australian Academy of Sciences
2008 ISI Most Cited Australian in Space Sciences 1997-2007
2008 Sackler Lecture, Princeton University
2007 Gruber Prize for Cosmology (jointly with High-Z and SCP Teams)
2007 Niels Bohr Lecture, Copenhagen
2007 Gurevitch Lecture, Portland State University
2006 Shaw Prize (Astronomy – jointly with Riess and Perlmutter)
2005 Marc Aaronson Memorial Lecturer
2004 Bulletin Magazine’s Scientist of the Year
2004 Australian Academy of Science 50th Anniversary Lecture
2004 Dean’s Lecture, University of Western Australia
2002 Vainu Bappu Medal of the Astronomical Society of India
2001 Oliphant Lecture (Inaugural), Australian Academy of Sciences
2001 Burbidge Lecture, Auckland Astronomical Society
2001 Harley Wood Lecture, Astronomical Society of Australia
2001 The Australian Academy of Science Pawsey Medal
2000 The Australian Government’s Malcolm McIntosh Prize (Inaugural)
2000 Bok Prize for outstanding Astronomical Thesis, Harvard

Publications of Brian P. Schmidt
(Last updated November, 2010)

1. Milne, Peter A., Brown, Peter J., Roming, Peter W. A., Holland, Stephen T., Immler, Stefan, Filippenko, Alexei
V., Ganeshalingam, Mohan, Li, Weidong, Stritzinger, Maximilian, Phillips, Mark M., Hicken, Malcolm, Kirshner,
Robert P., Challis, Peter J., Mazzali, Paolo, Schmidt, Brian P., Bufano, Filomena, Gehrels, Neil, Vanden Berk,
Daniel , 2010, ApJ, 721, 1627 "Near-ultraviolet Properties of a Large Sample of Type Ia Supernovae as
Observed with the Swift UVOT"
2. Lawrence, J. S., Ashley, M. C. B., Bailey, J., Barrado y Navascues, D., Bedding, T. R., Bland-Hawthorn, J.,
Bond, I., Boulanger, F., Bouwens, R., Bruntt, H., Bunker, A., Burgarella, D., Burton, M. G., Busso, M., Coward,
D., Cioni, M.-R., Durand, G., Eiroa, C., Epchtein, N., Gehrels, N., Gillingham, P., Glazebrook, K., Haynes, R.,
Kiss, L., Lagage, P. O., Le Bertre, T., Mackay, C., Maillard, J. P., McGrath, A., Minier, V., Mora, A., Olsen, K.,
Persi, P., Pimbblet, K., Quimby, R., Saunders, W., Schmidt, B., Stello, D., Storey, J. W. V., Tinney, C., Tremblin,
P., Wheeler, J. C., Yock, P., 2009, PASA, 26, 379 "The Science Case for PILOT I: Summary and Overview"
3. Tanvir, N. R., Fox, D. B., Levan, A. J., Berger, E., Wiersema, K., Fynbo, J. P. U., Cucchiara, A., Kr?hler, T.,
Gehrels, N., Bloom, J. S., Greiner, J., Evans, P. A., Rol, E., Olivares, F., Hjorth, J., Jakobsson, P., Farihi, J.,
Willingale, R., Starling, R. L. C., Cenko, S. B., Perley, D., Maund, J. R., Duke, J., Wijers, R. A. M. J., Adamson,
A. J., Allan, A., Bremer, M. N., Burrows, D. N., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cavanagh, B., de Ugarte Postigo, A., Dopita,
M. A., Fatkhullin, T. A., Fruchter, A. S., Foley, R. J., Gorosabel, J., Kennea, J., Kerr, T., Klose, S., Krimm, H. A.,
Komarova, V. N., Kulkarni, S. R., Moskvitin, A. S., Mundell, C. G., Naylor, T., Page, K., Penprase, B. E., Perri, M.,
Podsiadlowski, P., Roth, K., Rutledge, R. E., Sakamoto, T., Schady, P., Schmidt, B. P., Soderberg, A. M.,
Sollerman, J., Stephens, A. W., Stratta, G., Ukwatta, T. N., Watson, D., Westra, E., Wold, T., Wolf, C., 2009,
Natur, 461, 1254 "A gamma-ray burst at a redshift of z~8.2"
4. Leloudas, G., Stritzinger, M. D., Sollerman, J., Burns, C. R., Kozma, C., Krisciunas, K., Maund, J. R., Milne, P.,
Filippenko, A. V., Fransson, C., Ganeshalingam, M., Hamuy, M., Li, W., Phillips, M. M., Schmidt, B. P., Skottfelt,
J., Taubenberger, S., Boldt, L., Fynbo, J. P. U., Gonzalez, L., Salvo, M., Thomas-Osip, J., 2009, A&A, 505, 265
"The normal Type Ia SN 2003hv out to very late phases"
5. Lah, Philip, Pracy, Michael B., Chengalur, Jayaram N., Briggs, Frank H., Colless, Matthew, de Propris,
Roberto, Ferris, Shaun, Schmidt, Brian P., Tucker, Bradley E., 2009, MNRAS, 399, 1447 "The HI gas content
of galaxies around Abell 370, a galaxy cluster at z = 0.37"
6. Kerzendorf, Wolfgang E., Schmidt, Brian P., Asplund, M., Nomoto, Ken'ichi, Podsiadlowski, Ph., Frebel, Anna,
Fesen, Robert A., Yong, David, 2009, ApJ, 701, 1665 "Subaru High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Star G in the
Tycho Supernova Remnant"
7. Foley, R. J., Matheson, T., Blondin, S., Chornock, R., Silverman, J. M., Challis, P., Clocchiatti, A., Filippenko, A.
V., Kirshner, R. P., Leibundgut, B., Sollerman, J., Spyromilio, J., Tonry, J. L., Davis, T. M., Garnavich, P. M., Jha,
S. W., Krisciunas, K., Li, W., Pignata, G., Rest, A., Riess, A. G., Schmidt, B. P., Smith, R. C., Stubbs, C. W.,
Tucker, B. E., Wood-Vasey, W. M., 2009, AJ, 137, 3731 "Spectroscopy of High-Redshift Supernovae from the
Essence Project: The First Four Years"
8. Johnston, S., Taylor, R., Bailes, M., Bartel, N., Baugh, C., Bietenholz, M., Blake, C., Braun, R., Brown, J.,
Chatterjee, S., Darling, J., Deller, A., Dodson, R., Edwards, P., Ekers, R., Ellingsen, S., Feain, I., Gaensler, B.,
Haverkorn, M., Hobbs, G., Hopkins, A., Jackson, C., James, C., Joncas, G., Kaspi, V., Kilborn, V., Koribalski, B.,
Kothes, R., Landecker, T., Lenc, A., Lovell, J., Macquart, J.-P., Manchester, R., Matthews, D., McClure-Griffiths,
N., Norris, R., Pen, U.-L., Phillips, C., Power, C., Protheroe, R., Sadler, E., Schmidt, B., Stairs, I., Staveley-Smith,
L., Stil, J., Tingay, S., Tzioumis, A., Walker, M., Wall, J., Wolleben, M., 2008, ExA, 22, 151 "Science with
ASKAP. The Australian square-kilometre-array pathfinder"
9. Foley, Ryan J., Filippenko, Alexei V., Aguilera, C., Becker, A. C., Blondin, S., Challis, P., Clocchiatti, A.,
Covarrubias, R., Davis, T. M., Garnavich, P. M., Jha, S. W., Kirshner, R. P., Krisciunas, K., Leibundgut, B., Li,
W., Matheson, T., Miceli, A., Miknaitis, G., Pignata, G., Rest, A., Riess, A. G., Schmidt, B. P., Smith, R. C.,
Sollerman, J., Spyromilio, J., Stubbs, C. W., Suntzeff, N. B., Tonry, J. L., Wood-Vasey, W. M., Zenteno, A., 2008,
ApJ, 684, 68 "Constraining Cosmic Evolution of Type Ia Supernovae"
10. Pignata, G., Benetti, S., Mazzali, P. A., Kotak, R., Patat, F., Meikle, P., Stehle, M., Leibundgut, B., Suntzeff, N. B.,
Buson, L. M., Cappellaro, E., Clocchiatti, A., Hamuy, M., Maza, J., Mendez, J., Ruiz-Lapuente, P., Salvo, M.,
Schmidt, B. P., Turatto, M., Hillebrandt, W., 2008, MNRAS, 388, 971 "Optical and infrared observations of SN
2002dj: some possible common properties of fast-expanding Type Ia supernovae"
11. Chandra, Poonam, Cenko, S. Bradley, Frail, Dale A., Chevalier, Roger A., Macquart, Jean-Pierre, Kulkarni,
Shri R., Bock, Douglas C.-J., Bertoldi, Frank, Kasliwal, Mansi, Fox, Derek B., Price, Paul A., Berger, Edo,
Soderberg, Alicia M., Harrison, Fiona A., Gal-Yam, Avishay, Ofek, Eran O., Rau, Arne, Schmidt, Brian P.,
Cameron, P. Brian, Cowie, Lennox L., Cowie, Antoinette, Roth, Katherine C., Dopita, Michael, Peterson, Bruce,
Penprase, Bryan E. , 2008, ApJ, 683, 924 "A Comprehensive Study of GRB 070125, A Most Energetic
Gamma-Ray Burst"
12. Blondin, S., Davis, T. M., Krisciunas, K., Schmidt, B. P., Sollerman, J., Wood-Vasey, W. M., Becker, A. C.,
Challis, P., Clocchiatti, A., Damke, G., Filippenko, A. V., Foley, R. J., Garnavich, P. M., Jha, S. W., Kirshner, R.
P., Leibundgut, B., Li, W., Matheson, T., Miknaitis, G., Narayan, G., Pignata, G., Rest, A., Riess, A. G.,
Silverman, J. M., Smith, R. C., Spyromilio, J., Stritzinger, M., Stubbs, C. W., Suntzeff, N. B., Tonry, J. L., Tucker,
B. E., Zenteno, A., 2008, ApJ, 682, 724 "Time Dilation in Type Ia Supernova Spectra at High Redshift"
13. Becker, A. C., Arraki, K., Kaib, N. A., Wood-Vasey, W. M., Aguilera, C., Blackman, J. W., Blondin, S., Challis, P.,
Clocchiatti, A., Covarrubias, R., Damke, G., Davis, T. M., Filippenko, A. V., Foley, R. J., Garg, A., Garnavich, P.
M., Hicken, M., Jha, S., Kirshner, R. P., Krisciunas, K., Leibundgut, B., Li, W., Matheson, T., Miceli, A., Miknaitis,
G., Narayan, G., Pignata, G., Prieto, J. L., Rest, A., Riess, A. G., Salvo, M. E., Schmidt, B. P., Smith, R. C.,
Sollerman, J., Spyromilio, J., Stubbs, C. W., Suntzeff, N. B., Tonry, J. L., Zenteno, A., 2008, ApJL, 682, 53
"Exploring the Outer Solar System with the ESSENCE Supernova Survey"
14. Keller, Stefan C., Murphy, Simon, Prior, Sayuri, DaCosta, Gary, Schmidt, Brian , 2008, ApJ, 678, 851
"Revealing Substructure in the Galactic Halo: The SEKBO RR Lyrae Survey"
15. Cenko, S. Bradley, Fox, Derek B., Penprase, Brian E., Cucchiara, Antonio, Price, Paul A., Berger, Edo,
Kulkarni, Shri R., Harrison, Fiona A., Gal-Yam, Avishay, Ofek, Eran O., Rau, Arne, Chandra, Poonam, Frail,
Dale A., Kasliwal, Mansi M., Schmidt, Brian P., Soderberg, Alicia M., Cameron, P. Brian, Roth, Kathy C., 2008,
ApJ, 677, 441 "GRB 070125: The First Long-Duration Gamma-Ray Burst in a Halo Environment"
16. Valenti, S., Benetti, S., Cappellaro, E., Patat, F., Mazzali, P., Turatto, M., Hurley, K., Maeda, K., Gal-Yam, A.,
Foley, R. J., Filippenko, A. V., Pastorello, A., Challis, P., Frontera, F., Harutyunyan, A., Iye, M., Kawabata, K.,
Kirshner, R. P., Li, W., Lipkin, Y. M., Matheson, T., Nomoto, K., Ofek, E. O., Ohyama, Y., Pian, E., Poznanski, D.,
Salvo, M., Sauer, D. N., Schmidt, B. P., Soderberg, A., Zampieri, L. , 2008, MNRAS, 383, 1485 "The broadlined
Type Ic supernova 2003jd"
17. Johnston, S., Bailes, M., Bartel, N., Baugh, C., Bietenholz, M., Blake, C., Braun, R., Brown, J.,
Chatterjee, S., Darling, J., Deller, A., Dodson, R., Edwards, P. G., Ekers, R., Ellingsen, S., Feain, I.,
Gaensler, B. M., Haverkorn, M., Hobbs, G., Hopkins, A., Jackson, C., James, C., Joncas, G., Kaspi,
V., Kilborn, V., Koribalski, B., Kothes, R., Landecker, T. L., Lenc, E., Lovell, J., Macquart, J.-P.,
Manchester, R., Matthews, D., McClure-Griffiths, N. M., Norris, R., Pen, U.-L., Phillips, C., Power, C.,
Protheroe, R., Sadler, E., Schmidt, B., Stairs, I., Staveley-Smith, L., Stil, J., Taylor, R., Tingay, S.,
Tzioumis, A., Walker, M., Wall, J., Wolleben, M. , 2007, PASA, 24, 174 "Science with the Australian
Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder"
18. Fryer, Chris L., Mazzali, Paolo A., Prochaska, Jason, Cappellaro, Enrico, Panaitescu, Alin, Berger,
Edo, van Putten, Maurice, van den Heuvel, Ed P. J., Young, Patrick, Hungerford, Aimee, Rockefeller,
Gabriel, Yoon, Sung-Chul, Podsiadlowski, Philipp, Nomoto, Ken'ichi, Chevalier, Roger, Schmidt,
Brian, Kulkarni, Shri, 2007, PASP, 119, 1211 "Constraints on Type Ib/c Supernovae and Gamma-
Ray Burst Progenitors"
19. Altavilla, G., Stehle, M., Ruiz-Lapuente, P., Mazzali, P., Pignata, G., Balastegui, A., Benetti, S., Blanc,
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http://msowww.anu.edu.au/~brian/

==========

r. Adam G. Riess is a Professor of Astronomy and Physics at the Johns Hopkins University and a Senior member of the Science Staff at the Space Telescope Science Institute, both in Baltimore, MD.

His research involves measurements of the cosmological framework with supernovae (exploding stars) and Cepheids (pulsating stars).

In 1998 Dr. Riess led a study for the High-z Team which provided the first direct and published evidence that the expansion of the Universe was accelerating and filled with Dark Energy (Riess et al. 1998, AJ, 116, 1009), a result which, together with the Supernova Cosmology Project's result, was called the Breakthrough Discovery of the Year by Science Magazine in 1998.

On the ten year anniversary of this discovery, Symmetry Magazine reprinted the key page from his lab notebook showing the first indication, here, that the expansion of the Universe was accelerating.

He followed this work with a number of studies to test the susceptibility of this measurement to contamination by unexpected types of dust or evolution. To this aim, Dr. Riess led the Hubble Higher-z Team beginning in 2002 to find 25 of the most distant supernovae known with the Hubble Space Telescope, all at redshift greater than 1. This work culminated in the first highly significant detection of the preceding, decelerating epoch of the Universe and helped to confirm the reality of acceleration by disfavoring alternative, astrophysically-motivated explanations for the faintness of supernovae (Riess et al. 2004, ApJ, 607, 655).

This work also began characterizing the time-dependent nature of dark energy. It has been identified by NASA as the #1 Achievement of the Hubble Space Telescope to date (see article).

Curriculum Vitae–Adam Guy Riess

Office
Johns Hopkins University
3400 North Charles Street
Baltimore, MD 21218
(410) 516-4474
ariess@stsci.edu
Education
Harvard University, Ph.D., Astrophysics, 1996
Harvard University, A.M., Astrophysics, 1994
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, B.S, Physics, Minor in History 1992
Positions Held
Johns Hopkins University, Professor of Physics and Astronomy, 2006
Space Telescope Science Institute, Assistant Astronomer 1999, Full Astronomer 2004
U.C. Berkeley, Miller Fellow, 1996-1999
Harvard University, Doctoral Student, 1992-1996
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Research Associate, Summer 1992
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Undergraduate Research Assistant, 1990-1992
Honors and Awards– Recognition by Peers
Einstein Medal, 2011
Gilman Scholor, Johns Hopkins University, 2011
Thomson Reuters Citation Laureate, 2010
National Academy of Sciences, 2009
MacArthur Fellow, 2008
American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2008
Kavli Frontier of Science Fellow, 2007
Gruber Prize in Cosmology, 2007
Shaw Prize, Hong Kong, 2006
Townes Prize in Cosmology, UC Berkeley, 2005
Raymond and Beverly Sackler Prize, Tel-Aviv University, 2004
International Academy of Astronautics, Laurels for Achievement Award, 2004
Helen B. Warner Prize, American Astronomical Society, 2003
Bok Prize, Harvard University, 2001
AURA Science Award, 2000
STScI Science Merit Award, 2000, 2001
Trumpler Award, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1999
Harvard GSAS Merit Fellow, 1995
Harvard Distinction in Teaching Award, 1994
Margaret Weyerhaeuser Jewett Memorial Fellowship, 1993
Phi Beta Kappa at MIT, GPA: 4.94/5.00
Honors and Awards– Public Recognition
Discover Magazine “Twenty under 40”, 2008
Esquire Magazine “Best and Brightest” Award, 2003
Discover Magazine Innovator Award, Finalist, 2003
Time Magazine Innovator Award, 2000
Science Magazine’s Research “Breakthrough of the Year”, 1998
Supervised Students and Postdocs
Dr. Steve Rodney, Postdoctoral Fellow, JHU, 2010-present
Mr. Dan Scolnic, Graduate Student, JHU, 2007-present
Dr. Mark Huber, Postdoctoral Fellow, JHU, 2007-present
Dr. Andre Martel, Postdoctoral Fellow, JHU, 2006-present
Miss. Bridget Faulk, Graduate Student, JHU, 2006-present
Dr. Joao Souza, Postdoctoral Fellow, STScI, 2005-present
Dr. Hubert Lampeitl, Postdoctoral Fellow, STScI, 2005-present
Dr. Louis Strolger, Postdoctoral Fellow, STScI, 2002-2005
Mr. Josh Younger, Undergraduate Research Assistant, STScI, 2005
Mr. Chris Carpenter, Undergraduate Research Assistant, Harvard, 1996
Teaching, Communication, Service
Johns Hopkins University, taught Physics 171.118, Spring 2008, 2009,2010,2011
Johns Hopkins University, taught Physics 171.112, Spring 2007
Scientific American Magazine, “From Slowdown to Speedup”, by A. G. Riess and M. S.
Turner, February 2004
Decadal Survey Program Prioritization Panel, 2009
Johns Hopkins Astrophysics Faculty Search, Chair 2009
Johns Hopkins Discovery Working Group, co-chair, 2008
The Universe, NHK Japan, 2010
400 Years of The Telescope, NPR 2008
Hubbles Amazing Universe, National Geographic 2008
“Scientific American Frontiers”, Guest, PBS, 2004
“60 Minutes”, Guest, CBS, 2003
“Science Friday”, Guest, NPR, 2001
“NOVA”, Guest, PBS, 2000,2005
“Jim Lehrer News Hour”, Guest, PBS, 1998
“Headline News”, Guest, CNN, 1998
“Science Friday”, Guest, NPR, 1998
Most Important Publications
Riess, A. G. et al. 1998, “Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating
Universe and a Cosmological Constant”, AJ, 116, 1009
Riess, A. G., et al. 2004, “Type Ia Supernova Discoveries at z > 1 From the Hubble Space
Telescope: Past Deceleration and Constraints on Dark Energy Evolution”, ApJ, 607,
665
Riess, A. G., Press, W. H., Kirshner, R. P. 1996, “A Precise Distance Indicator: Type Ia
Supernova Multicolor Light Curve Shapes” ApJ, 473, 88
Riess, A. G., et al. 2007, “New Hubble Space Telescope Discoveries of Type Ia Supernovae
at z > 1: Narrowing Constraints on the Early Behavior of Dark Energy”, ApJ, 659,
98
Riess, A. G. et al., 2001, “The Farthest Known Supernova: Support for an Accelerating
Universe and a Glimpse of the Epoch of Deceleration”, ApJ, 560, 49
Riess, A. G., Macri, L., Casertano, S., Sosey, M., Lampeitl, H., Ferguson, H. C., Filippenko,
A. V., Jha, S. W., et al., A Redetermination of the Hubble Constant with the Hubble
Space Telescope from a Differential Distance Ladder, 2009, ApJ, 699, 539
Riess, A. G., Macri, L., Casertano, S., Lampeitl, H., Ferguson, H. C., Filippenko, A. V.,
Jha, S. W., Li, W., et al., A 3% Solution: Determination of the Hubble Constant with
the Hubble Space Telescope and Wide Field Camera 3, 2011, ApJ, 730, 119
Riess, A. G. et al., 1999, “BVRI Photometry of 22 Distant Type Ia Supernovae”, AJ, 117,
707

http://www.stsci.edu/~ariess/